![]() ![]() Professionals weighed other aspects besides risk reduction, as financial aspects and practical consequences for daily practice in this guideline-making process. Nonetheless, when making guidelines, interventions were introduced without reaching the predefined threshold of desired risk reduction. Upfront, professionals opinioned that non-invasive interventions should decrease the general population risk, whereas invasive interventions should decrease the risk in high-risk groups. Second, qualitative assessment of possible additional factors affecting final decisions, that followed from group discussion and guideline development were evaluated. First, professionals’ opinion on required performance characteristics on risk were evaluated by a qualitative online survey. A risk matrix showed the probability and impact of an intervention, together with the corresponding risk category. To improve care outcomes, we developed new guidelines in which care professionals had to decide upon novel interventions and diagnostic thresholds. We evaluated the effect of interventions and diagnostic thresholds on modeled risk, by using the risk matrix approach (RMA) in a clinical guideline development process, and investigated which additional factors affected choices. This combination of probability and impact can be visualized in a risk matrix. However, in daily practice, risk is perceived as the combination of probability and the impact of desired and adverse events. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 31(4), 473-486.Clinical guidelines are developed to lower risks, mostly viewed upon as probability. Salience versus proportional reasoning: Rethinking the mechanism behind graphical display effects. Stone, Eric R., Reeder, Emily C., Parillo, Jonathan, Long, Cynthia, & Walb, LeeAnn. ![]() Presenting risk information in a way that makes proportionality easy to understand can lead to more accurate perceptions.īlog post compiled by Dr. Placing both components of information in the same modality allowed participants to more easily form proportions. The results found that risk perception was reduced when both components of the information were presented in the same modality, either all as text or all as graphics. The conditions varied the presentation of the two components of risk (number of people harmed, and number of people at risk) by using bolder font and color or by using icons to create emphasis. They presented participants with various configurations of displays to present pairs of low-probability risks and had participants rate their perceptions of difference in risk and the value of a risk reduction. Stone and colleagues investigated how visual emphasis and graphical depictions influenced the perception of low-probability risks. Risk is typically presented as the number of people harmed out of the number of people at risk, e.g. It is often important for risk communicators to convey that a risk is minimal, as people may overvalue reductions in already low-probability risks, resulting in poor and potentially costly decisions. Low-probability risks are generally more difficult for people to understand. However, when it is potentially costly to overestimate a low-probability risk, proportional reasoning can be used to influence accurate evaluation of risk. ![]() In some cases, like in healthcare where risk aversion is desired even for low-probability risk, it may be better to use strategies to increase perceptions of risk instead. For example, textually this information can be shown as a fraction with the number of people harmed as the numerator, and number of people at risk as the denominator. It is also beneficial to present this proportion in the same medium, such as all text or all graphics. This can be accomplished by presenting the number of people harmed in relation to the number of people at risk. Risk communicators can facilitate more accurate perceptions of low-probability risks by presenting them in a way that makes it easier to form proportions.
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